The short answer
Five to seven nights.
If you want a fair impression of Sithonia — a base, two or three beach days, one boat day, one drive around the southern loop and a slow evening in a village — five to seven nights is the sweet spot. Less, and you'll spend a disproportionate amount of time on the road from Thessaloniki. More, and you start to discover the second layer of beaches and tavernas that day-trippers never reach.
Three nights
A long weekend.
Workable if you're already in northern Greece. You'll pick one base — most likely on the west coast for ease — and use it for one full beach day, one half-day exploring nearby villages, and one drive. You won't see the east coast or the south. It works as a quiet pause; it isn't a real introduction to the peninsula.
Five to seven nights
A proper first trip.
Enough time to settle into one base, swim at three or four different beaches, take a boat day around the Diaporos islets off the east coast, drive the southern loop with stops at Karydi and Porto Koufo, and have one or two slow evenings in nearby villages. This is the most common length of stay, and the one we'd recommend for a first visit.
Ten nights or more
A slower second layer.
At ten nights you stop planning the days. You begin to revisit favourite beaches at different hours — Kalogria at sunset, Spathies in the morning — discover the small bakeries, take an evening to drive into the pine forest behind the coast, maybe spend one night on the opposite coast. This length is wasted in a hurry; it rewards a slow rhythm.
Trade-offs
What length costs you.
A short trip pays a heavy travel-time tax — Thessaloniki Airport is 1h 45m from Kalogria by car. The longer the stay, the smaller that tax becomes per day. The other consideration is season: in late June or early September, even a short stay feels generous because the days are long and uncrowded. In peak August, every day is more crowded, so a longer trip is more forgiving.

